Exploring Computer Device
Computer:
A computer is an
electronic device that processes data based on a program or set of instructions
to produce a desired output.
A computer is a
programmable device that takes in data, processes it, and produces an output.
A computer is a device that
accepts information (in the form of digitalized data) and manipulates it for
some result based on a program, software, or sequence of instructions on how
the data is to be processed.
Computers differ from other electronic devices in a few ways,
including:
Purpose
Computers use
mathematical concepts for computation, while other electronic devices use
physical concepts to convert electrical signals into audio, video, or text.
Components
Computers have
different components than other electronic devices, including a CPU, hard
drive, ROM, RAM, and motherboard.
Applications
Computers are used for
word processing, sending emails, listening to music, and more, while other
electronic devices are used for robotics, artificial intelligence, and more.
All electronic devices
use electricity to work, but they have different parts and functions.
There are many
differences between computers and washing machines, including their purpose,
operation, and features:
Purpose
A computer is an
intelligent device that can perform many tasks, such as playing games, watching
movies, and doing calculations. A washing machine is a machine designed to
clean clothes.
Operation
A computer's operations
include inputting, processing, outputting, storing, and controlling. A washing
machine works by agitating clothes in water and detergent to remove dirt and
stains.
Features
A computer's main
features include its processing power, storage capacity, input-taking capacity,
and its ability to provide correct output. A washing machine may have features
such as removable agitators, smart connectivity, sensor wash, sanitize cycle,
and auto-dispense detergent.
Size
Computers come in
different sizes, including PCs, minicomputers, microcomputers, supercomputers,
and mainframes. A standard washing machine is typically 85 cm high, 60 cm wide,
and 42–65 cm deep.
Computers
have a number of limitations, including:
·
No decision making:
Computers can't make decisions on their own and need user input to function.
·
No feelings or emotions:
Computers don't have feelings or emotions like humans do.
·
No knowledge or experience:
Computers don't have knowledge or experience like humans do.
·
Software limitations:
Software can have bugs, errors, compatibility issues, and security risks.
·
Health issues:
Excessive screen time from using computers can cause eye strain, body pain, and
lethargy.
·
Inaccurate data analysis:
Inaccurate data analysis can lead to incorrect assumptions and misguided
decisions.
·
Memory:
Computers have limited memory, and the operating system allocates memory to
different tasks.
·
Physical constraints:
A computer's physical constraints include the amount of RAM and storage it can
access, the CPU type and speed, and other low-level machine devices.
Do electronic devices have processor?
Yes, most electronic devices have a processor, which is an integrated circuit that processes data and converts it into information:
Processor
A processor is an
electronic device that performs calculations to process functions on a device.
The processor's primary functions are fetch, decode, execute, and writeback.
Integrated
circuit (IC)
An IC is a chip that
contains electronic components integrated into a layer of silicon. ICs are
found in many electronic devices, including computers, cell phones, and
televisions.
System on
a chip (SoC)
An SoC is a single chip
that contains a complete system, including multiple processors, multipliers,
caches, and memory. SoCs can be implemented as an application-specific
integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).
Processors used
in washing machine, refrigerator, AC, Smart TV
The type of processor
used in different appliances varies depending on the appliance's function:
Washing
machines
Microcontrollers or
microprocessors are used to control the various functions of a washing machine.
Washing machines can use up to three microcontrollers, three sensors, and three
analog devices1 to increase
functionality and user control.
Analog and digital
signals are the types of signals carrying information. The major difference
between both signals is that the analog signals have continuous electrical
signals, while digital signals have non-continuous electrical signals. The
difference between analog and digital signal can be observed with the examples
of different types of waves.
Difference
between Analog and Digital Signal
What Are
Analog Signals?
Analog signals were
used in many systems to produce signals to carry information. These signals are
continuous in both values and time. The use of analog signals has declined with
the arrival of digital signals. In short, to understand analog signals – all signals that are natural or come
naturally are analog signals.
Read More: Waves.
What Are
Digital Signals?
Unlike analog signals,
digital signals are not continuous, but signals are discrete in value and time.
These signals are represented by binary numbers and consist of different
voltage values.
Both these signals are
used in electronic communication system to transfer information from one place
to another.
Q1
What are some
examples of digital signals?
Digital signals do not
produce noise. Digital computers and digital phones are some of the examples of
digital signals.
Q2
What are the
examples of analog signals?
A human voice, analog
phones, and thermometer are some of the examples of analog signals.
Q3
How to
convert analog signal into digital signal?
For the conversion of
an analog signal into a digital signal, there are two steps that needs to be
followed. The first step is a sampling. In this step, continuous electrical
signals with varying time are considered. Both the axis that x-axis and y-axis
are considered. Sampling is usually done along the x-axis and is classified
into two categories, and they are sampling and downsampling. The second step is
known as quantization. Quantization is done along the y-axis and it processes
the image in which the continuous signals are divided into overlapping and
non-overlapping signals.
Q4
What is
sampling theorem?
The sampling theorem is
defined as the continuous-time signal that can be represented in the form of
samples and can be recovered back if the sampling frequency is greater than the
maximum frequency of the signal.
Q5
What is
undersampling?
Undersampling is defined as the sampling frequency which is less than the maximum frequency of the signal which results in overlapping of the successive cycles of the spectrum.
Refrigerators
Microprocessor
temperature controllers are often used in refrigerators with digital controls.
These controllers convert temperature readings into electrical voltage and then
into digital format. Microcontrollers are also commonly used in refrigerators
because they are compact, cost-effective, and require less power than larger
microprocessors.
Smart TVs
A powerful processor is
essential for a smart TV. The processor can use artificial intelligence (AI) to
learn from how you interact with the TV, such as which apps you use the most
and which Netflix programs you like. This learning helps the TV display the
most important information first.
Air
conditioners
Microprocessors can be
used in air conditioning systems to automatically heat, air condition, and/or
ventilate a space.
What is the processor of a washing machine?
It contains a
microprocessor. It has CPU, and set of codes to operate. Washing machine can be
called a computer because it has microprocessors and it run on some programs
which allow it to be controlled. A computer is literally anything that
computes.
Does a fridge have a processor?
In such a conventional
refrigerator constructed as above, a microprocessor program is used to maintain
three inside temperatures within different ranges (e.g., -12° C. to -24° C. for
freezer 11, 0° C. to 7° C. for cold- storage compartment 12 and 5° C. to 10° C.
for crisper 13).
Which computer is used in washing machine?
An embedded computer is
a computer that is an integral part of an embedded system. It is a combination
of computer hardware and software, designed to perform a specific task.
Embedded computers are used only in washing machines and cars.
Do washing machines use microprocessor?
The core of the washing
machine PCB is a microprocessor. It receives user instructions from the control
panel and signals from sensors to control various components of the washing
machine.
What is smart technology in fridge?
A smart refrigerator is
a refrigerator that is able to connect to the internet, usually to determine
the inventory of the food items stored inside.
https://www.mrappliance.com/blog/2020/november/what-is-a-smart-refrigerator-/ [1]
Which of the following computer system is used in appliances, such
as washing machine and cars? [2]
a) PDA b)
Laptop c) Embedded computer d) Mainframe
c) Embedded computer
Explanation:
An embedded computer is
a computer that is an integral part of an embedded system. It is a combination
of computer hardware and software, designed to perform a specific task.
Embedded computers are used only in washing machines and cars. Because these
machines require a special type of computer.
A computer is a device
that performs data processing based on the given guidelines. A set of
guidelines is put inside the computer in the form of computer language, on the
basis of which the computer performs the task of processing data.
Which
programming is used in washing machine?
Till now Washing
Machine and microwave oven uses embedded system programming which is a very
low-level type of programming that deals heavily with logic and gates.
Latest Technologies and Features In Washing Machines
Super Drum with
advanced design for superior washing performance.
Direct Motion motor for
quiet operation and enhanced durability.
Steam Refresh cycle
reduces wrinkles and odors, freshening clothes between washes.
Which microprocessor is used today?
September 2021, some of
the latest microprocessors available in the market include Intel's 11th Gen
Core processors, AMD's Ryzen 5000 series processors, and Apple's M1 chip. Since
technology advances rapidly, there may be newer processors available in the market
now.
What devices have a microprocessor?
Microprocessors are
used in many other electronic devices, including cell phones, kitchen
appliances, automobile emission-control and timing devices, electronic games,
telephone switching systems, thermal controls in the home, and security
systems.
What is smart in AC?
Smart ACs are same as
the regular air conditioners except you can operate them and control the
functions through your smartphone or tablet. You can control the room
temperature, and schedule the AC to be switched on or off at a particular time
of the day through an app that you can download on your smart device.
Is washing machine a microcontroller?
Home appliances such as
microwave ovens, air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators contain many
microcontrollers. They are helpful in analog sensor measurement, motor control,
LED/LCD displays, front panel controls and so on.
Difference between Microcontroller and Microprocessor
A microcontroller is a
small, low-cost microcomputer on a single VLSI integrated circuit (IC) chip,
whereas a microprocessor is a form of computer processor in which both the data
processing logic and control are incorporated on a single integrated circuit or
small number of integrated circuits.
Through a microprocessor
unit (MOU) and a few peripherals, it manages specific areas of an electronic
system.
A microcontroller is a
single chip that integrates memory, I/O, and a CPU, while a microprocessor is
just a single CPU. Whereas an embedded system uses a microcontroller, personal
computers employ microprocessors.
Microcontrollers employ internal controlling buses, but microprocessors use external buses to interface with RAM, ROM, and other peripherals.
Microprocessor vs Microcontroller: Selecting a suitable device on which to base the new design can be intimidating. The need to make the proper equilibrium of price, performance and power utilization has numerous implications.
However, suppose a
Microcontroller (MCU) or Microprocessor (MPU) becomes the basis of a platform
approach. In that case, the decision can have long-lasting consequences.
At this point, the
difference between microprocessors and microcontrollers becomes a critical
point of debate.
Furthermore, it is
reasonably challenging to spot the difference between microprocessor and
microcontroller, as these two terms are the soul and core of programmable
electronics.
What is a Microprocessor?
A microprocessor
(sometimes called an MPU or Microprocessor Unit) is a controlling unit of a
micro-computer, fabricated on a small chip capable of performing ALU
(Arithmetic and Logical Unit) and communicating with the other devices
connected to it.
Its utility ranges a
vast space from controlling elevators to searching the web. We are very aware
that instructions describe everything that a computer does, and these
instructions are carried out by? Guess who? The one we are talking about—the
Microprocessor.
Microprocessors are not
made for a specific task. They are helpful where tasks are complex and tricky,
like the development of software, games, and other applications that require
high Memory and where input and output are not characterized.
According to Precedence
Research, A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% is predicted for the
global microprocessor market, which was valued at USD 106 billion in 2022 and
is projected to reach USD 185.39 billion by 2032.
This growth can be attributed to the expanding use of embedded microprocessors in the healthcare electronics industry as well as the growing use of microprocessors in smartphones.
The below given are
buses in microprocessor:
System
Bus:
A bus is a collection
of wires or lines used to send and receive data (bits) between computer
components. They are essentially channels of communication that transfer
signals between peripherals and microprocessors.
The system bus of a
microprocessor is of three types :
Address
Bus:
It is a group of lines
that send a memory address or a device address from the Microprocessor Unit
(MPU) to the memory or the peripheral.
The address bus is
always unidirectional i.e. address always goes out of the microprocessor.
If the address line is
‘n’ for an MPU then its addressing capacity is 2n.
Data Bus:
It is a group of lines
used to transfer data between the microprocessor and peripherals and/or memory.
The data bus is always
bi-directional.
Control
Bus:
The control bus in the
microprocessor provides signals to control the flow of data.
The computer system’s
microprocessor is referred to as its heart. It is an integrated circuit that
functions as a central processing unit, or CPU, and can be simple or singular
at times.
They contain circuitry
for logic, arithmetic, and control. With digital computers, they can accomplish
a variety of tasks.
Microprocessors were a
component of the microcomputer design. Computers’ use of microprocessors made
it possible to microprocess a wide range of commercial, scientific, and
industrial tasks.
The
following is a list of the different kinds of microprocessors examples:
CISC (Complex
Instruction Set Computer): Example: Intel 386, Pentium II, Pentium, Pentium
Pro, Intel 486, etc.
RISC (Reduced
Instruction Set Computer): Example: DEC Alpha 21164, IBM RS6000, DEC Alpha
21064, etc.
EPIC (Explicitly
Parallel Instruction Computing): Example: Intel Architecture-64, etc.
What is a Microcontroller?
A microcontroller
(sometimes called an MCU or Microcontroller Unit) is a single Integrated
Circuit (IC) typically utilized for a particular application and designed to
execute specific tasks over and over.
It basically contains
Memory, processor, and programmable I/O. Essentially, a microcontroller gathers
input, processes this information, and outputs a specific action based on the
data collected.
Products and gadgets
that should be automatically controlled in certain situations, like appliances,
power tools, automobile engine control systems, and computers, are some of the
microcontroller examples.
According to Precedence
Research, The value of the global microcontroller (MCU) market was estimated at
USD 27 billion in 2022, and it is projected to increase at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 9.9% from 2023 to 2032, reaching USD 69.08 billion.
2. https://www.ibm.com/blog/microcontroller-vs-microprocessor/
3. https://www.campuscomponent.com/blogs/post/key-differences-between-microcontrollers-and-microprocessors-features-and-applicationssrsltid=AfmBOooPefX25ebAVlz6a9hion7f2US7LJI8N8oKVkZoR11EC_kQTEH4
4. https://www.totalphase.com/blog/2019/12/microcontroller-vs-microprocessor-what-are-the-differences/?srsltid=AfmBOoqoY-WJSdIazG6Z1faor2mIoEZ4uUlQEtdgxUPdo6I6GUFAp41p
-------If you still have any questions, send them our way. You can reach out to us at cmtcsclass@gmail.com
Comments
Post a Comment